Which electrolyte abnormalities might necessitate IV therapy?

Which electrolyte abnormalities might necessitate IV therapy?

• A. Hypoglycemia or hypercalcemia
• B. Hyperkalemia or hyponatremia
• C. Hypophosphatemia or hypermagnesemia
• D. Hypernatremia or hypokalemia

Answer: (B)

Hyperkalemia and hyponatremia are critical electrolyte imbalances that often require intravenous (IV) therapy for effective management. Hyperkalemia, characterized by elevated potassium levels in the blood, can lead to serious cardiac complications, including arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest. IV therapy is essential in rapidly addressing this condition, particularly through the administration of calcium, insulin, or beta-agonists to stabilize cardiac membrane potential and facilitate the movement of potassium back into the cells. Hyponatremia, on the other hand, refers to low sodium levels in the blood, which can cause neurological symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and in severe cases, coma. The administration of IV saline solutions can help restore sodium levels more effectively and safely than oral intake, especially in acute or severe cases. These two conditions highlight the necessity of rapid correction of electrolyte imbalances that can be life-threatening, making IV therapy a critical intervention. In contrast, the other listed electrolyte abnormalities may not require immediate or the same urgency for IV therapy.

Hyperkalemia and hyponatremia are critical electrolyte imbalances that often require intravenous (IV) therapy for effective management.

Hyperkalemia, characterized by elevated potassium levels in the blood, can lead to serious cardiac complications, including arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest. IV therapy is essential in rapidly addressing this condition, particularly through the administration of calcium, insulin, or beta-agonists to stabilize cardiac membrane potential and facilitate the movement of potassium back into the cells.

Hyponatremia, on the other hand, refers to low sodium levels in the blood, which can cause neurological symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and in severe cases, coma. The administration of IV saline solutions can help restore sodium levels more effectively and safely than oral intake, especially in acute or severe cases.

These two conditions highlight the necessity of rapid correction of electrolyte imbalances that can be life-threatening, making IV therapy a critical intervention. In contrast, the other listed electrolyte abnormalities may not require immediate or the same urgency for IV therapy.